YUM 설치 및 사용법 > LINUX

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yum은 CentOS(페도라, 레드햇 엔터프라이즈)의 원격 업데이트툴이다.

■ YUM 설치
[root@www ~]#rpm -Uvh yum-2.0.8-1.noarch.rpm

 ■ YUM 사용법
1. 업데이트할 목록을 보려면?
 # yum list updates

 2. 업데이트 목록을 다운로드하고, 업데이트를 설치하려면?
 # yum update -y

 3. 설치된 rpm 패키지 목록을 보려면?
 # rpm -qa
 # yum list installed

 4. gcc 패키지가 설치되어 있는지 확인 하려면?
 # rpm -qa | grep gcc
 # yum list installed gcc

 5. gcc 패키지를 설치하려면?
 # yum install gcc gcc-c++

 6. gcc 패키지를 업데이트 하려면?
 # yum update gcc gcc-c++

 7. 패키지 이름으로 검색하려면?
 # yum list 패키지명
# yum list 정규식
# yum list gcc
 # yum list gcc*

 8. 여러개의 패키지를 설치하려면?
 # yum install gcc gcc-c++

 9. 패키지를 삭제하려면?
 # yum remove gcc gcc-c++

 10. 설치가 가능한 모든 패키지를 보려면?
 # yum list all

 11. 패키지 그룹을 보려면?
 # yum grouplist

 [root@localhost ~]# yum grouplist
 Loading "fastestmirror" plugin
 Setting up Group Process
 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* rpmforge: fr2.rpmfind.net
* base: centos.mirror.cdnetworks.com
* updates: centos.mirror.cdnetworks.com
* addons: centos.mirror.cdnetworks.com
* extras: centos.mirror.cdnetworks.com
 Installed Groups:
    Office/Productivity
    Editors
    System Tools
    Text-based Internet
    GNOME Desktop Environment
    Dialup Networking Support
    FTP Server
    Network Servers
    Games and Entertainment
    Java
    X Window System
    Graphics
    Web Server
    Printing Support
    Mail Server
    Server Configuration Tools
    Sound and Video
    Administration Tools
    Yum Utilities
    Graphical Internet
 Available Groups:
    Tomboy
    Cluster Storage
    Engineering and Scientific
    MySQL Database
    Development Libraries
    Beagle
    GNOME Software Development
    X Software Development
    Virtualization
    Legacy Network Server
    DNS Name Server
    Authoring and Publishing
    Base
    Mono
    XFCE-4.4
    Legacy Software Development
    Clustering
    Java Development
    OpenFabrics Enterprise Distribution
    Emacs
    Legacy Software Support
    Ruby
    Windows File Server
    KDE Software Development
    KDE (K Desktop Environment)
    Horde
    PostgreSQL Database
    News Server
    Development Tools
    FreeNX and NX
 Done
 [root@localhost ~]#


 12. 그룹 패키지를 모두 설치하려면?
 # yum groupinstall "Development Tools"

 13. 그룹 패키지를 업데이트 하려면?
 # yum groupupdate "Development Tools"

 14. 그룹 패키지를 삭제하려면?
 # yum groupremove "Development Tools"

 15. 아키텍처를 지정하여 설치하려면?
 # yum install mysql.i386

 16. 파일을 가지고 있는 패키지명을 알려면?
 # rpm -qf /etc/passwd
 # yum whatprovides /etc/passwd

 17. 맨페이지를 보려면?
 # man yum

 18. yum fastestmirror 패키지를 설치하면 yum 미러 서버중 속도가 빠른 서버를 자동으로 찾아서 연결해 준다.
yum fastestmirror 패키지는 yum을 사용하여 아래와 같이 설치한다.

Cent OS 4.X
 # yum install yum-plugin-fastestmirror -y

 Cent OS 5.X
 # yum install yum-fastestmirror -y

 19. rpmforge 저장소 사용하기
 기본제공 rpm이외의 추가적인 rpm 패키지를 사용하고자 한다면 rpmforge를 이용하라.

rpmforge 저장소를 사용하기 위한 rpm 설치

RHEL / CentOS
TIP For CentOS Yum users there is a very good document on how to enable RPMforge safely using the Yum priorities plugin

 RHEL5 / CentOS-5
 i386: http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm

 x86_64: http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el5.rf.x86_64.rpm

 RHEL4 / CentOS-4
 i386: http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el4.rf.i386.rpm

 x86_64: http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el4.rf.x86_64.rpm

 RHEL3 / CentOS-3
 i386: http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el3.rf.i386.rpm

 x86_64: http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el3.rf.x86_64.rpm

 RHEL2.1 / CentOS-2
 i386: http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el2.rf.i386.rpm


 Red Hat Linux
 Red Hat 9
 i386: http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.rh9.rf.i386.rpm

 Red Hat 7.3
 i386: http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.rh7.rf.i386.rpm


위의 rpm 파일중 자신에게 맞는 배포판의 패키지를 다운로드 하고 설치한다.

 ** CentOS 5.x 버전이라면..(CentOS 5.0, 5.1, 5.2) **

 # lftpget http://packages.sw.be/rpmforge-release/rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm
 # rpm -ivh rpmforge-release-0.3.6-1.el5.rf.i386.rpm

 [root@localhost ~]# yum search lighttpd
 Loading "fastestmirror" plugin
 Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* rpmforge: mirror.cpsc.ucalgary.ca
* base: mirror.tini4u.net
* updates: mirror.tini4u.net
* addons: mirror.tini4u.net
* extras: mirror.tini4u.net
 Excluding Packages in global exclude list
 Finished
 lighttpd-mod_mysql_vhost.i386 : Virtual host module for lighttpd that uses a MySQL database
 lighttpd.i386 : Lightning fast webserver with light system requirements
 lighttpd-fastcgi.i386 : FastCGI module and spawning helper for lighttpd and PHP configuration
 lighttpd.i386 : Lightning fast webserver with light system requirements
 lighttpd-fastcgi.i386 : FastCGI module and spawning helper for lighttpd and PHP configuration
 lighttpd-mod_mysql_vhost.i386 : Virtual host module for lighttpd that uses a MySQL database
 lighttpd.i386 : Lightning fast webserver with light system requirements
 lighttpd-fastcgi.i386 : FastCGI module and spawning helper for lighttpd and PHP configuration
 lighttpd-fastcgi.i386 : FastCGI module and spawning helper for lighttpd and PHP configuration
 lighttpd.i386 : Lightning fast webserver with light system requirements
 lighttpd-mod_mysql_vhost.i386 : Virtual host module for lighttpd that uses a MySQL database
 [root@localhost ~]#